English Language Arts
Grade 4
15 min
Form regular plurals with -s, -es, -ies, and -ves
Form regular plurals with -s, -es, -ies, and -ves
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Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Define singular and plural nouns.
Apply the rule for adding -s to form most regular plurals.
Identify nouns ending in -s, -x, -z, -ch, and -sh and correctly add -es.
Apply the rule for changing -y to -ies for nouns ending in a consonant + y.
Apply the rule for changing -f or -fe to -ves for specific nouns.
Differentiate between the four main regular plural rules to select the correct one.
Write complex sentences using a variety of regular plural nouns correctly.
Have you ever tried to describe a whole pack of wolves or a sky full of butterflies? πΊπ¦ To do that, you need to know the secret codes for making words plural!
In this tutorial, we will become plural noun experts. We will explore the four most common rules for changing a singular noun (one thi...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
Singular NounA noun that names only ONE person, place, thing, or idea.The word 'house' refers to just one house.
Plural NounA noun that names MORE THAN ONE person, place, thing, or idea.The word 'houses' refers to two or more houses.
Regular PluralA plural noun that follows a predictable pattern or rule, usually by adding -s, -es, -ies, or -ves.'Pencils' is a regular plural because you just add -s to 'pencil'.
ConsonantAny letter in the alphabet that is not a vowel. The consonants are B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, and Z.In the word 'puppy', the letters 'p' and 'p' are consonants.
VowelThe letters A, E, I, O, and U. Sometimes Y can act as a vowel, but for our plural rul...
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Key Rules & Conventions
The Basic -s Rule
Singular Noun + s
For most nouns, simply add an -s to the end to make it plural. This is the most common rule.
The Hissing Sounds -es Rule
Noun ending in -s, -x, -z, -ch, -sh + es
If a noun ends with a 'hissing' or 'buzzing' sound (like -s, -x, -z, -ch, or -sh), add -es to make it plural. This makes the word easier to say.
The Consonant + y to -ies Rule
Noun ending in [Consonant]y -> Change y to i and add -es
If a noun ends with a consonant followed by a 'y', you must change the 'y' to an 'i' before adding -es.
The -f or -fe to -ves Rule
Noun ending in -f or -fe -> Change f or fe to -ves
For many, but not all, nouns that end in -f or -fe, you change the ending to -ves to make them plura...
5 more steps in this tutorial
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Challenging
Read the short paragraph. Which sentence contains a plural noun that is spelled incorrectly? (1) The families gathered for the annual picnic. (2) They spread blankets and opened basketes full of food. (3) Cheerful cries and laughter filled the air for hours. (4) Even the puppies seemed to be enjoying the festivities.
A.Sentence 1
B.Sentence 2
C.Sentence 3
D.Sentence 4
Challenging
Imagine a new invention called a 'glumph' that ends with an 'f' sound, like 'laugh'. Imagine another called a 'fweeb' that ends with a 'b' sound. If you had two of each, how would you write their plurals?
A.glumphves and fweebs
B.glumphs and fweebes
C.glumphves and fweebes
D.glumphs and fweebs
Challenging
The rule for some nouns is 'change the final f or fe to ves'. Which pair of words BOTH correctly follow this rule?
A.scarf, chief
B.shelf, life
C.roof, knife
D.belief, loaf
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